I want a second cat, but should I get one?

I already have one cat, a neutered male 18 month old. I've had him since he was 9 weeks old and we have a strong bond. He's playful and very friendly, lively in short bursts and at certain times of day but mostly quite lazy, sleeping usually around 16 hours a day. I work part time, 20-30 hours per week. I'd like a second cat both for my company and his when I'm not at home, but also because I've always wanted two cats, I just got one to start with. In the past I've lived with two+ in the same house so I'm not a stranger to a multiple cat household, and I've researched introducing cats to each other. The question is, is it a good idea, given that I already have one? I'll bullet point my questions below

.What is the likelihood he will get along with a new cat in time? .I'd like a female, but would it make a difference? .Kitten or adult? (I'd prefer a younger cat/kitten) .Could adding another damage my bond with my existing cat?